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SEPA ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST
Purpose of checklist:
Governmental agencies use this checklist to help determine whether the environmental
impacts of your proposal are significant. This information is also helpful to determine if
available avoidance, minimization or compensatory mitigation measures will address the
probable significant impacts or if an environmental impact statement will be prepared to
further analyze the proposal.
Instructions for applicants:
This environmental checklist asks you to describe some basic information about your
proposal. Please answer each question accurately and carefully, to the best of your
knowledge. You may need to consult with an agency specialist or private consultant for some
questions. You may use “not applicable” or "does not apply" only when you can explain why
it does not apply and not when the answer is unknown. You may also attach or incorporate
by reference additional studies reports. Complete and accurate answers to these questions
often avoid delays with the SEPA process as well as later in the decision-making process.
The checklist questions apply to all parts of your proposal, even if you plan to do them over a
period of time or on different parcels of land. Attach any additional information that will help
describe your proposal or its environmental effects. The agency to which you submit this
checklist may ask you to explain your answers or provide additional information reasonably
related to determining if there may be significant adverse impact.
Use of checklist for nonproject proposals:
For nonproject proposals (such as ordinances, regulations, plans and programs), complete the
applicable parts of sections A and B plus the SUPPLEMENTAL SHEET FOR NONPROJECT ACTIONS (part
D). Please completely answer all questions that apply and note that the words "project,"
"applicant," and "property or site" should be read as "proposal," "proponent," and "affected
geographic area," respectively. The lead agency may exclude (for non- projects) questions in
Part B - Environmental Elements –that do not contribute meaningfully to the analysis of the
proposal.
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A. Background [HELP]
1. Name of proposed project, if applicable:
Habitat for Humanity Yelm PRD
2. Name of applicant:
South Puget Sound Habitat for Humanity
3. Address and phone number of applicant and contact person:
Contact Person: Ben Fransua
Address: 711 Capitol Way South, Suite 401
Olympia, WA 98501
Phone Number: 360-956-3456
Email: ben@spshabitat.org
4. Date checklist prepared:
May 13, 2022
5. Agency requesting checklist:
City of Yelm
6. Proposed timing or schedule (including phasing, if applicable):
Construction start date: Fall 2022
Construction end date: Spring 2023
7. Do you have any plans for future additions, expansion, or further activity related to or
connected with this proposal? If yes, explain.
Not at this time
8. List any environmental information you know about that has been prepared, or will be
prepared, directly related to this proposal.
Drainage Report prepared by LDC, Inc (05/12/2022)
Geotechnical Report, prepared by LANDAU Associates (08/03/2021)
Mazama Pocket Gopher Study, prepared by West Fork environmental
(07/21/2021)
9. Do you know whether applications are pending for governmental approvals of other
proposals directly affecting the property covered by your proposal? If yes, explain.
There are no pending applications awaiting governmental approvals of other
proposals directly affecting the project site.
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10. List any government approvals or permits that will be needed for your proposal, if known.
Preliminary Plat
Planned Residential Development
Construction Review
General Stormwater Permit (NPDES)
Right-of-Way Permits
Building Permits
Final Plat
11. Give brief, complete description of your proposal, including the proposed uses and the size
of the project and site. There are several questions later in this checklist that ask you to
describe certain aspects of your proposal. You do not need to repeat those answers on this
page. (Lead agencies may modify this form to include additional specific information on
project description.)
The proposed Habitat for Humanity Yelm PRD project is located at 407
Longmire Street SE in Yelm, WA (parcel # 22719230700). The site is
approximately 2.3 acres (100,188 square feet) and is zoned Moderate Density
Residential (R-6). The project will include subdividing the project site into 22
lots. On 16 of the proposed lots, a townhome unit will be constructed on 6 of
the lots a detached single-family house will be constructed. The project will
also include the construction of new internal private road, frontage
improvements along Longmire St SE, utility extensions, stormwater facilities,
and open space.
12. Location of the proposal. Give sufficient information for a person to understand the precise
location of your proposed project, including a street address, if any, and section,
township, and range, if known. If a proposal would occur over a range of area, provide
the range or boundaries of the site(s). Provide a legal description, site plan, vicinity map,
and topographic map, if reasonably available. While you should submit any plans required
by the agency, you are not required to duplicate maps or detailed plans submitted with
any permit applications related to this checklist.
Address: 407 Longmire Street, Yelm, WA 98597
Parcel #: 22719230700
Section: 19
Township: 24
Range: 2E
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B. Environmental Elements [HELP]
1. Earth [help]
a. General description of the site:
(circle one): Flat, rolling, hilly, steep slopes, mountainous, other
b. What is the steepest slope on the site (approximate percent slope)?
The steepest slope on the project site is less than 10%
c. What general types of soils are found on the site (for example, clay, sand, gravel, peat,
muck)? If you know the classification of agricultural soils, specify them and note any
agricultural land of long-term commercial significance and whether the proposal results in
removing any of these soils.
Per the USGS Web Soil Survey map, the general soils found on the site are
gravelly sandy loam.
d. Are there surface indications or history of unstable soils in the immediate vicinity? If so,
describe.
There are no surface indicators or history of unstable soils on the project site or in
its immediate vicinity.
e. Describe the purpose, type, total area, and approximate quantities and total affected area
of any filling, excavation, and grading proposed. Indicate source of fill.
The total area that the project will disturbed is 108,900 square feet. Grading
activities for the project will also include 1,085 cubic yards of fill and 1,620 cubic
yards of cut. Fill will come from local sources.
f. Could erosion occur as a result of clearing, construction, or use? If so, generally describe.
Due to the wet seasons and high moisture sensitivity of the subsurface soils,
erosion could occur as a result of construction. However, onsite temporary erosion
controls will be taken to mitigate the threat of any erosion during storm events.
g. About what percent of the site will be covered with impervious surfaces after project
construction (for example, asphalt or buildings)?
Approximately 44% of the site will be covered in impervious surface.
h. Proposed measures to reduce or control erosion, or other impacts to the earth, if any:
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Temporary measures to control erosion could include sedimentation ponds,
filter fences, and diversion swales. Permanent measures could include
landscaping, piping, and armoring of outfall areas.
2. Air [help]
a. What types of emissions to the air would result from the proposal during construction,
operation, and maintenance when the project is completed? If any, generally describe and
give approximate quantities if known.
Emissions that are associated with residential construction will be produced.
During construction activities there would be increased exhaust and dust
particle emissions to the ambient air during dry weather. Objectionable odors
could be caused by the roofing of homes or the paving of roadways and
driveways. After construction, the principal source of pollution would be in
exhaust from vehicular traffic. The increase in automobiles associated with the
development would contribute CO, NO, and SO2 emissions to the ambient air.
All emissions must comply with current regulations governed by the Puget
Sound Clean Air Agency (PSCAA).
b. Are there any off-site sources of emissions or odor that may affect your proposal? If so,
generally describe.
There are no off-site sources of emissions or odor that may affect the proposal.
c. Proposed measures to reduce or control emissions or other impacts to air, if any:
No measures to reduce or control emissions are proposed. Automobile and
fireplace emission standards are regulated by the State of Washington.
3. Water [help]
a. Surface Water: [help]
1) Is there any surface water body on or in the immediate vicinity of the site (including
year-round and seasonal streams, saltwater, lakes, ponds, wetlands)? If yes, describe
type and provide names. If appropriate, state what stream or river it flows into.
There are no waterbodies on the site or in its immediate vicinity
2) Will the project require any work over, in, or adjacent to (within 200 feet) the described
waters? If yes, please describe and attach available plans.
The project will not require any work on or adjacent to any waterbodies.
3) Estimate the amount of fill and dredge material that would be placed in or removed
from surface water or wetlands and indicate the area of the site that would be affected.
Indicate the source of fill material.
There will be no fill or dredge materials placed or removed from surface
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waterbodies or wetlands as part of this project.
4) Will the proposal require surface water withdrawals or diversions? Give general
description, purpose, and approximate quantities if known.
The proposal will not require any surface water withdrawals or diversions.
5) Does the proposal lie within a 100-year floodplain? If so, note location on the site plan.
Per FEMA FIRM flood map #53067C0353E, the site is not within a 100-year
floodplain.
6) Does the proposal involve any discharges of waste materials to surface waters? If so,
describe the type of waste and anticipated volume of discharge.
No, the proposal does not involve any discharges of waste materials to surface
waters.
b. Ground Water: [help]
1) Will groundwater be withdrawn from a well for drinking water or other purposes? If so,
give a general description of the well, proposed uses and approximate quantities
withdrawn from the well. Will water be discharged to groundwater? Give general
description, purpose, and approximate quantities if known.
No, groundwater will not be withdrawn from a well for drinking water or other
purposes. The proposed units will be connected to the City of Yelm’s water
system.
2) Describe waste material that will be discharged into the ground from septic tanks or
other sources, if any (for example: Domestic sewage; industrial, containing the
following chemicals. . . ; agricultural; etc.). Describe the general size of the system, the
number of such systems, the number of houses to be served (if applicable), or the
number of animals or humans the system(s) are expected to serve.
There will be no waste materials discharged into the ground. The proposed
units will be connected to the City of Yelm’s sewer system.
c. Water runoff (including stormwater):
1) Describe the source of runoff (including storm water) and method of collection and
disposal, if any (include quantities, if known). Where will this water flow? Will this water
flow into other waters? If so, describe.
Source of runoff to mainly include surface water runoff from developed hard
surfaces on-site. Developed stormwater to be captured with an underground
storm system and routed to a stormwater detention facility in the site’s
western corner. Basic water quality treatment to be provided by infiltration
of runoff through bioretention soil mix per the 2019 Department of Ecology
Stormwater Management Manual of Western Washington.
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2) Could waste materials enter ground or surface waters? If so, generally describe.
It is unlikely that waste materials will enter ground or surface waters.
Waste materials deposited by automobiles on interior roadways and
driveways will be collected in a subsurface (piped) system and conveyed to
the detention facility. Pollutants will be separated and filtered prior to
release. Yard and rooftop drainage will be relatively clean and free of waste
material.
3) Does the proposal alter or otherwise affect drainage patterns in the vicinity of the site?
If so, describe.
Drainage patterns surrounding the site will not be altered with the
construction of this project. The site currently sheet flows to the northeast
d. Proposed measures to reduce or control surface, ground, and runoff water, and drainage
pattern impacts, if any:
All adopted development and engineering requirements imposed by the City to
control hydrologic impacts on adjacent properties will be incorporated into
final construction plans and implemented by the proponent. Storm drainage
facilities will be designed in accordance with versions of the DOE Storm Water
Manual, and City of Yelm engineering standards, as were in effect at the time
of complete application
4. Plants [help]
a. Check the types of vegetation found on the site:
deciduous tree: alder, maple, aspen, other
X evergreen tree: fir, cedar, pine, other
X shrubs
X grass
pasture
crop or grain
Orchards, vineyards or other permanent crops.
wet soil plants: cattail, buttercup, bullrush, skunk cabbage, other
water plants: water lily, eelgrass, milfoil, other
other types of vegetation
b. What kind and amount of vegetation will be removed or altered?
All vegetation that is within the sites grading boundaries will be removed.
c. List threatened and endangered species known to be on or near the site.
There are no threatened or endangered species know to be on the site.
d. Proposed landscaping, use of native plants, or other measures to preserve or enhance
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vegetation on the site, if any:
There are no proposed landscaping measures to preserve or enhance
vegetation on the site.
e. List all noxious weeds and invasive species known to be on or near the site.
There are no known noxious weeds and invasive species known to be on or
near the site.
5. Animals [help]
a. List any birds and other animals which have been observed on or near the site or are
known to be on or near the site.
birds: songbirds,
mammals: squirrels
b. List any threatened and endangered species known to be on or near the site.
There are no proposed landscaping measures to preserve or enhance
vegetation on the site. West Fork Environmental, reviewed the site for
mazama pocket gophers and determined that there are mazama pocket
gophers on the site.
c. Is the site part of a migration route? If so, explain.
The site is located within the Pacific Flyway Migration Route, which covers the
majority of western Washington.
d. Proposed measures to preserve or enhance wildlife, if any:
There are no proposed measures in place to preserve or enhance wildlife.
e. List any invasive animal species known to be on or near the site.
There are no invasive animal species known to be on or near the site.
6. Energy and Natural Resources [help]
a. What kinds of energy (electric, natural gas, oil, wood stove, solar) will be used to meet
the completed project's energy needs? Describe whether it will be used for heating,
manufacturing, etc.
Electric and natural gas will be used to meet the completed project’s energy
demands. Electric or natural heat will be used to heat the proposed dwellings.
b. Would your project affect the potential use of solar energy by adjacent properties? If so,
generally describe.
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The project will not have any effect on the potential use of solar energy by
adjacent properties.
c. What kinds of energy conservation features are included in the plans of this proposal? List
other proposed measures to reduce or control energy impacts, if any:
There are currently no energy conservation features included in the plans of
this proposal. Energy conservation would be up to individual homeowners.
7. Environmental Health [help]
a. Are there any environmental health hazards, including exposure to toxic chemicals, risk
of fire and explosion, spill, or hazardous waste, that could occur as a result of this
proposal? If so, describe.
1) Describe any known or possible contamination at the site from present or past uses.
There are no known or possible contaminations on the site from present or
past use.
2) Describe existing hazardous chemicals/conditions that might affect project
development and design. This includes underground hazardous liquid and gas
transmission pipelines located within the project area and in the vicinity.
There are no existing hazardous chemicals or conditions that might affect
the project development and design.
3) Describe any toxic or hazardous chemicals that might be stored, used, or produced
during the project's development or construction, or at any time during the operating
life of the project.
There are no toxic hazardous chemicals that might be stored, used, or
produced during the project’s development or construction, or at any time
during the operating life of the project.
4) Describe special emergency services that might be required.
Other than normal police, emergency aid unit, and fire protection services,
no special emergency services are anticipated
5) Proposed measures to reduce or control environmental health hazards, if any:
There are no proposed measures needed to reduce or control environmental
health hazards.
b. Noise
1) What types of noise exist in the area which may affect your project (for example:
traffic, equipment, operation, other)?
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There is no existing noise from the uses surrounding the site that would
affect the project.
2) What types and levels of noise would be created by or associated with the project on a
short-term or a long-term basis (for example: traffic, construction, operation, other)?
Indi- cate what hours noise would come from the site.
Noise levels would be intermittently high throughout construction but
should be limited to City working hours. The Applicant may request to bring
fill material onto the site at night to help with traffic. On a permanent basis,
residential activity and traffic noise created by daily vehicular trips would
increase ambient noise levels in the vicinity.
3) Proposed measures to reduce or control noise impacts, if any:
Work will only happen outside of the City’s designated quite hours.
8. Land and Shoreline Use [help]
a. What is the current use of the site and adjacent properties? Will the proposal affect current
land uses on nearby or adjacent properties? If so, describe.
The proposal will not affect any of the surround or adjacent properties. The
current uses surrounding properties are:
· North: Detached single-family homes in the Moderate Density
Residential (R-6) zone
· East: Detached single-family homes in the Moderate Density Residential
(R-6) zone
· South: Detached single-family homes in the Moderate Density
Residential (R-6) zone
· West: Assisted living facility in the Commercial (C-1) zone
b. Has the project site been used as working farmlands or working forest lands? If so,
describe. How much agricultural or forest land of long-term commercial significance will be
converted to other uses as a result of the proposal, if any? If resource lands have not been
designated, how many acres in farmland or forest land tax status will be converted to
nonfarm or nonforest use?
The project has not been used as working farmland or working forest land.
1) Will the proposal affect or be affected by surrounding working farm or forest land normal
business operations, such as oversize equipment access, the application of pesticides,
tilling, and harvesting? If so, how:
The proposal will not have any affect or be affected by surrounding farmland.
c. Describe any structures on the site.
Currently, there is a detached single-family home and detached garage on the
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site.
d. Will any structures be demolished? If so, what?
All structures on the site will be demolished as part of this proposal.
e. What is the current zoning classification of the site?
The site is zoned Moderate Density Residential (R-6)
f. What is the current comprehensive plan designation of the site?
The site’s comprehensive plan designation is Moderate Density Residential.
g. If applicable, what is the current shoreline master program designation of the site?
The site is not within a shoreline
h. Has any part of the site been classified as a critical area by the city or county? If so,
specify.
No part of the site has been classified as a critical rea by the City of Yelm or
Thurston County.
i. Approximately how many people would reside or work in the completed project?
Assuming an average household size of 3.19 people (ACS, 2016-2020), there will
be approximately 67 people residing in the completed project.
j. Approximately how many people would the completed project displace?
Assuming an average household size of 3.19 people (ACS, 2016-2020), the
project will displace 3-4 people.
k. Proposed measures to avoid or reduce displacement impacts, if any:
There are no proposed measures to avoid or reduce displacement.
L. Proposed measures to ensure the proposal is compatible with existing and projected land
uses and plans, if any:
The proposed project meets the standards set forth in the City of Yelm’s Unified
Development Code (YMC Title 18) and engineering design standards.
m. Proposed measures to reduce or control impacts to agricultural and forest lands of long-
term commercial significance, if any:
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There are no proposed measures to reduce or control the impacts to
agricultural and forest lands of long-term commercial significance
9. Housing [help]
a. Approximately how many units would be provided, if any? Indicate whether high, mid-
dle, or low-income housing.
The proposal will provide 15 low-income townhome units and 6 low-income
detached single-family homes for a total of 21 homes.
b. Approximately how many units, if any, would be eliminated? Indicate whether high,
middle, or low-income housing.
One middle-income, detached single-family home will be eliminated.
c. Proposed measures to reduce or control housing impacts, if any:
The proposed development is consistent with the City of Yelm’s Unified
Development Code.
10. Aesthetics [help]
a. What is the tallest height of any proposed structure(s), not including antennas; what is the
principal exterior building material(s) proposed?
The proposed townhomes will be the tallest buildings on the site with a height of
just over 21-feet.
b. What views in the immediate vicinity would be altered or obstructed?
No views in the immediate vicinity will be altered or obstructed.
c. Proposed measures to reduce or control aesthetic impacts, if any:
All buildings will be consistent with the City of Yelm’s Unified Development
Code (YMC Title 18).
11. Light and Glare [help]
a. What type of light or glare will the proposal produce? What time of day would it mainly
occur?
The proposal would produce light from automobile headlights, street lighting,
and home lighting, primarily at night.
b. Could light or glare from the finished project be a safety hazard or interfere with views?
Light and glare from the finished project should not be a safety hazard or
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interfere with views.
c. What existing off-site sources of light or glare may affect your proposal?
There are no existing off-site sources of light or glare that would affect the
proposal.
d. Proposed measures to reduce or control light and glare impacts, if any:
No special measures to reduce or control light and glare impacts are proposed
nor are they expected to be necessary.
12. Recreation [help]
a. What designated and informal recreational opportunities are in the immediate vicinity?
Yelm Middle Schools, recreation facilities are approximately 1,000 feet away
from the project site. Also, the Tahoma Valley Golf Course is 0.5 miles from the
project site.
b. Would the proposed project displace any existing recreational uses? If so, describe.
The proposed project would not displace any existing recreational uses.
c. Proposed measures to reduce or control impacts on recreation, including recreation
opportunities to be provided by the project or applicant, if any:
The proposed project includes an open space area in the western corner of the
project site.
13. Historic and cultural preservation [help]
a. Are there any buildings, structures, or sites, located on or near the site that are over 45
years old listed in or eligible for listing in national, state, or local preservation registers ? If
so, specifically describe.
The existing house on the site was built in 1923 but has no historic significant
value.
b. Are there any landmarks, features, or other evidence of Indian or historic use or
occupation? This may include human burials or old cemeteries. Are there any material
evidence, artifacts, or areas of cultural importance on or near the site? Please list any
professional studies conducted at the site to identify such resources.
There are no known landmarks, features, or other evidence of Indian or
historic use or occupation on the project site.
c. Describe the methods used to assess the potential impacts to cultural and historic
resources on or near the project site. Examples include consultation with tribes and the
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department of archeology and historic preservation, archaeological surveys, historic maps,
GIS data, etc.
Site walks and consultation of Washington State’s Department of Archology
and Historic Preservation’s WISAARD Online GIS map were used to assess the
potential impacts to cultural and historic resources on and near the project
site.
d. Proposed measures to avoid, minimize, or compensate for loss, changes to, and disturbance
to resources. Please include plans for the above and any permits that may be required.
Construction will be temporarily halted should evidence of historic, archeological,
scientific, or cultural importance be discovered. Local tribes would be notified.
14. Transportation [help]
a. Identify public streets and highways serving the site or affected geographic area and
describe proposed access to the existing street system. Show on site plans, if any.
The site will be served by NW Longmire St.
b. Is the site or affected geographic area currently served by public transit? If so, generally
describe. If not, what is the approximate distance to the nearest transit stop?
The project site is not currently served by public transit. The closest transit stop is
the Yelm Ave at Longmire St Inner Transit stop, which is approximately 1,000
feet to the south of the project site.
c. How many additional parking spaces would the completed project or non-project proposal
have? How many would the project or proposal eliminate?
The proposed project will include approximately 30 new parking spaces.
d. Will the proposal require any new or improvements to existing roads, streets, pedestrian,
bicycle or state transportation facilities, not including driveways? If so, generally describe
(indicate whether public or private).
A new private road will be constructed as part of this project. Also frontage
improvements will be constructed along the project site’s boundaries with
Longmire St NW.
e. Will the project or proposal use (or occur in the immediate vicinity of) water, rail, or air
transportation? If so, generally describe.
The project will not use water, rail or air transportation.
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f. How many vehicular trips per day would be generated by the completed project or
proposal? If known, indicate when peak volumes would occur and what percentage of the
volume would be trucks (such as commercial and nonpassenger vehicles). What data or
transportation models were used to make these estimates?
Based on the 10th edition of the ITE Trip Generation Manual, approximately 23
daily vehicular trips will be produced by the completed project.
g. Will the proposal interfere with, affect or be affected by the movement of agricultural and
forest products on roads or streets in the area? If so, generally describe.
The proposal will not interfere with, affect or be affected by the movement of
agricultural and forest products on roads or streets in the area.
h. Proposed measures to reduce or control transportation impacts, if any:
The developer will pay or any required traffic impact fees.
15. Public Services [help]
a. Would the project result in an increased need for public services (for example: fire
protection, police protection, public transit, health care, schools, other)? If so, generally
describe.
The proposal will add a greater demand for service such as fire protection,
police protection, public transit, health care, schools, etc.
b. Proposed measures to reduce or control direct impacts on public services, if any.
The proposal will pay all required impact fees
16. Utilities [help]
a. Circle utilities currently available at the site:
electricity, natural gas, water, refuse service, telephone, sanitary sewer, septic system,
other
b. Describe the utilities that are proposed for the project, the utility providing the service,
and the general construction activities on the site or in the immediate vicinity which
might be needed.
Electricity will be provided by PSE. Gas will be provided by PSE. Water will be
provided by the City of Yelm. Wastewater will be served by the City of Yelm.
Phone/cable will be provided by Comcast.
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C. Signature [HELP]
The above answers are true and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that
the lead agency is relying on them to make its decision.
Signature: Name of signee
Position and Agency/Organization
Date Submitted:
Civil Project Manager, LDC Inc.
Mallory Dobbs
05/13/2022
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D. Supplemental sheet for nonproject actions [HELP]
(IT IS NOT NECESSARY to use this sheet for project actions)
Because these questions are very general, it may be helpful to read them in
conjunction with the list of the elements of the environment.
When answering these questions, be aware of the extent the proposal, or the types of
activities likely to result from the proposal, would affect the item at a greater intensity
or at a faster rate than if the proposal were not implemented. Respond briefly and in
general terms.
1. How would the proposal be likely to increase discharge to water; emissions to air; pro-
duction, storage, or release of toxic or hazardous substances; or production of noise?
Proposed measures to avoid or reduce such increases are:
2. How would the proposal be likely to affect plants, animals, fish, or marine life?
Proposed measures to protect or conserve plants, animals, fish, or marine life are:
3. How would the proposal be likely to deplete energy or natural resources?
Proposed measures to protect or conserve energy and natural resources are:
4. How would the proposal be likely to use or affect environmentally sensitive areas or areas
designated (or eligible or under study) for governmental protection; such as parks,
wilderness, wild and scenic rivers, threatened or endangered species habitat, historic or
cultural sites, wetlands, floodplains, or prime farmlands?
Proposed measures to protect such resources or to avoid or reduce impacts are:
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5. How would the proposal be likely to affect land and shoreline use, including whether it
would allow or encourage land or shoreline uses incompatible with existing plans?
Proposed measures to avoid or reduce shoreline and land use impacts are:
6. How would the proposal be likely to increase demands on transportation or public services
and utilities?
Proposed measures to reduce or respond to such demand(s) are:
7. Identify, if possible, whether the proposal may conflict with local, state, or federal laws or
requirements for the protection of the environment.