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East Gateway Traffic Impact AnalysisTraffic Impact Analysis +� SCSI ALLIANCE •r 4 CONSULTING SERVICES Traffic Impact Analysis Project Information Project: Yelm East Gateway Prepared for: Evergreen Pacific Fund, LLC Steve Guidinger 2724 Alki Avenue SW, #302 Seattle, WA 98116 -4704 Phone: 206.579.6222 stevenguidinger @msn.com Reviewing Agency Jurisdiction: City of Yelm 105 Yelm Avenue West Yelm, WA 98597 Proiect Representative Prepared by: SCJ Alliance 2102 Carriage St SW, Suite H Olympia, WA 98502 360.352.1465 scjalliance.com Contact: George Smith, Senior Transportation Planner Project Reference: SCJ #1470.01 Path: N: \Projects \1470 Evergreen Pacific Fund, LLC \1470.01 Yelm Commercial EIS \Phase 01- Preliminary EIS \Traffic \Report \2014 -1117 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis.docx SCJ Alliance November 2014 yelm East Gateway CERTIFICATION Traffic Impact Analysis The technical material and data contained in this document were prepared under the supervision and direction of the undersigned, whose seal, as a professional engineer licensed to practice as such, is affixed below. red by George Smith Transportation Planner Approv9XPerry A. Shea, PE Principal A. WA Ike E« 0 a a.�� IST L SO Alliance November 2014 Yelm East Gateway TABLE OF CONTENTS Traffic Impact Analysis Page 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... ..............................3 1.1 Project Overview ......................................................................................... ..............................3 1.2 Study Context .............................................................................................. ..............................4 1.3 Long Range Planning Context ...................................................................... ..............................5 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................... ..............................7 2.1 Maximum Build -out as a Coordinated Development (Alternative 1) ......... ..............................7 2.2 Moderate Intensity Build -out as a Coordinated Development (Alternative 2) .........................7 2.3 No- Action Alternative (Alternative 3) ......................................................... ..............................7 2.4 Site Access System ....................................................................................... ..............................9 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ........................................................ .............................12 3.1 Area Land Uses ........................................................................................... .............................12 3.2 Roadway Inventory ..................................................................................... .............................12 3.3 Public Transportation ................................................................................. .............................13 4. PROJECT TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS ............................................. ............................... 15 4.1 Site - Generated Traffic Volumes ................................................................. .............................15 4.2 Site Traffic Distribution ............................................................................... .............................16 4.3 Traffic Assignment Scenarios ..................................................................... .............................17 5. FUTURE TRAFFIC CONDITIONS ...................................................... ............................... 21 5.1 Roadway Improvements ............................................................................ .............................21 5.2 Future Traffic Volumes ............................................................................... .............................21 6. TRAFFIC OPERATIONS ANALYSIS ................................................... ............................... 26 6.1 Intersection Level of Service ...................................................................... .............................26 6.2 Volume to Capacity Ratio ........................................................................... .............................27 6.3 Intersection Operations .............................................................................. .............................27 6.4 Stop Sign - Controlled Intersections ............................................................. .............................28 6.5 Signalized Intersections .............................................................................. .............................32 6.6 Site Driveways ............................................................................................ .............................33 7. LONG -RANGE TRAFFIC OPERATIONS ............................................. ............................... 38 8. MITIGATION ................................................................................... .............................41 8.1 Developer Funded Off -site Infrastructure Improvements ......................... .............................42 8.2 Site Access and Circulation Improvements ................................................ .............................43 8.3 City of Yelm Traffic Facility Charge ( TFC) .................................................... .............................43 8.4 Phasing of On -Site and Off -Site Traffic Mitigation Improvements ............. .............................44 9. CONCLUSION .................................................................................. .............................46 SO Alliance Page i November 2014 Yelm East Gateway LIST OF TABLES Traffic Impact Analysis Page Table 1. Trip Generation Characteristics — PM Peak Hour .......................................... ............................... 15 Table 2. Project PM Trip Generation Summary .......................................................... ............................... 16 Table 3. Level of Service Criteria for Signalized Intersections .................................... ............................... 27 Table 4. Level of Service Criteria for Unsignalized Intersections ................................ ............................... 27 Table 5. Unsignalized Intersections — LOS Summary PM Peak Hour .......................... ............................... 31 Table 6. Signalized Intersections— LOS Summary PM Peak Hour ................................. .............................33 Table 7. Site Driveways — LOS Summary PM Peak Hour ............................................. ............................... 37 Table 8. LOS Summary 2035 PM Peak Hour with Alternative 1 .................................... .............................38 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure1. Site Vicinity Map ............................................................................................ ............................... 6 Figure 2. Parcels and Boundary Area ............................................................................. ..............................8 Figure 3. Uncoordinated Conceptual Access Plan ....................................................... ............................... 10 Figure 4. Coordinated Conceptual Access Plan ............................................................ ............................... 11 Figure 5. Existing PM Peak Hour Volumes ................................................................... ............................... 14 Figure 6. Site - Generated PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes — Alternative 1 ................... ............................... 18 Figure 7. Site - Generated PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes — Alternative 1 (Site Driveways) ....................... 19 Figure 8. 2035 Site - Generated PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes — Alternative 1 .......... ............................... 20 Figure 9. Projected 2020 PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes — Alternative 1 ................... ............................... 23 Figure 10. Projected 2020 PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes — Alternative 1 (Site Driveways) ..................... 24 Figure 11. Projected 2035 PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes — Alternative 1 ................. ............................... 25 Figure 12. Proposed 2020 Alternative 1 Channelization Plan ........................................ .............................34 Figure 13. Proposed 2035 Alternative 1 Channelization Plan ........................................ .............................39 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Turning Movement Counts Appendix B Alternative 2 and 3 Volume Figures Appendix C Traffic Volume Calculations Appendix D Capacity Analysis Worksheets SO Alliance November 2014 Page ii Yelm East Gateway 1. INTRODUCTION Traffic Impact Analysis 1.1 Project Overview The East Gateway commercial area is comprised of approximately 46 acres of undeveloped property located in the eastern portion of the City of Yelm's commercially -zoned district. The project area includes seven distinct parcels of land owned by several independent property and business owners. The potential build -out of the properties will be dependent upon market and economic factors, but it is likely that these properties could realize their full development potential within the next 10 -15 years. This report analyzes three build -out alternatives for potential impacts for a near -term (2020) and long - range (2035) planning horizon. This analysis is reviewing three potential development scenarios as described below: 1.1.1 Maximum Build -out as a Coordinated Development (Alternative 1) This alternative is for development of the commercial area as a coordinated development and assumes a 40% build -out on the site and up to approximately 800,000 square feet of shopping center uses. This development scenario exceeds the coverage of the neighboring Walmart by approximately 10 %. This scenario has a PM peak hour traffic volume potential of up to 2,000 new -to- network trip ends. 1.1.2 Moderate Intensity Build -out as a Coordinated Development (Alternative 2) The moderate intensity alternative assumes a coordinated build -out of the site with approximately 25% build out on the site and up to approximately 500,000 square feet of shopping center uses. This development scenario reflects the upper range of development coverage typically seen in the City and provides a moderate build -out of the properties. This scenario has a PM peak hour traffic volume potential of up to 1,450 new -to- network trip ends. 1.1.3 No Action Alternative (Alternative 3) The no- action alternative assumes that development would occur consistent with existing zoning and would undergo environmental review on a project -by- project basis. Such projects would be subject to site - specific mitigation and potential SEPA -based appeals, without coverage under the non - project, Planned Action EIS process. Commercial properties would develop as single parcel sites. The ultimate build out of the parcels is less predictable. The building area used for the no- action alternative is based on the non - specific growth forecast used by TRPC and the City of Yelm in preparing the 2035 Regional Transportation Plan. The employment growth projected for the project site in the current regional forecast equates to approximately 229,000 -sf of retail building area. This scenario has a PM peak hour traffic volume potential of up to 850 new -to- network trip ends. 1.1.4 Types of Uses The project analysis of the alternatives was based on uses typically found in shopping centers and commercial districts. This includes uses such as: • Offices • Banks (including drive through) SO Alliance November 2014 Page 3 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis • Grocery • Retail Shops • Health /Fitness • Auto Services • Fast Food Restaurants (including drive through) • Sit Down Restaurants Although the land -use "shopping center" category was used to estimate site - generated traffic levels, other mixes of specific land -uses could potentially yield higher trip generation. Since there is the potential for both the maximum build -out and the moderate build -out to generate higher trips, in the context of the traffic operational analysis, the highest vehicle trip threshold will be used to assess the traffic characteristics and potential impacts to the adjacent and surrounding transportation system. Using the highest vehicle trip threshold provides flexibility for the mix of uses within the moderate density scenario without the risk of exceeding the "approved" trip generation potential. Figure 1 illustrates the site vicinity and the transportation network serving the project area. 1.2 Study Context This report evaluates the specific transportation impacts of the East Gateway area development alternatives. This analysis determines the impacts of new development traffic on the existing and future street network, determines and assesses the appropriate layout and design of the proposed public street system, determines if the new development can meet acceptable traffic performance measures and the City's regulatory standards for concurrency under the Growth Management Act, and identifies appropriate traffic solutions and mitigation measures to accommodate the planned traffic growth and development impacts. The study was prepared according to City of Yelm Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) guidelines as part of the required environmental review submittal for the proposed project. The following intersections in the study area were analyzed: • Creek Street -Bald Hills Road /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Bald Hills Road /Morris Road • Grove Road/ Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Walmart Boulevard/ Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Walmart Driveway Access /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Creek Street /103rd Avenue • Grove Road /103rd Avenue • Walmart Boulevard /103rd Avenue • Burnett Road /SR 510 • Killion Road /SR 510 • Cullens Road /SR 510 • Longmire Street /SR 510 • Mosman Street /SR 507 • First Street /SR 510 • Clark Road /SR 507 • 103rd Avenue /SR 507 • First Street /Rhoton Road /Railway Road SO Alliance November 2014 Page 4 Yelm East Gateway • 103rd Street /West Road • First Street /Stevens Street Traffic Impact Analysis 1.3 Long Range Planning Context This analysis evaluates traffic conditions for two distinct planning horizons; 2020 and 2035. The 2020 analysis provides an evaluation of all of the study intersections to determine if the study intersections will maintain acceptable operation per the City of Yelm's mobility standards. The 2035 horizon has also been included to evaluate the ultimate needs of the site frontage and driveway accesses in the context of the City of Yelm's general long -term vision for the corridor. An important consideration is the planned completion of the SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop). While the final Stage 2 completion horizon for the SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) is uncertain, regional and local planning anticipates its completion well before the 2035 horizon. The initial Stage 1 of the SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) was competed several years ago (SR 510 to Cullens Road) and is already providing an important link in the City's long -range transportation system. The final Stage 2 will finish the loop highway by extending the facility from Cullens Road to the SR 507 (Walmart Blvd) intersection. Upon final completion, SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) will serve as an important part of the arterial system in and around Yelm and will reduce congestion on Yelm Avenue through the City. Additionally, the City's vision for Yelm Avenue (SR 507) is that it will remain a two -lane corridor (a single through capacity lane in each direction —this does not preclude turn lanes as appropriate at intersections). The 2035 analysis in this report provides a framework for the required lane configurations on Yelm Avenue (SR 507), Grove Road and Walmart Boulevard to serve local access and regional travel with the SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) completed. Per direction from the City of Yelm, the roadway frontage and access requirements for the Yelm Gateway East properties were determined by the 2035 analysis. The "ultimate" lane configurations and recommended access plan for the 2035 horizon were then used as the basis of analysis for the 2020 scenario. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 5 Old Pt' �i W u� e� 2 Muklen Rd Sf Nisqually Indian Reservation Fort Lewis Military Reservation SUr, 'drj 5 Roy Mock City I YeOm Hwy 5E T O N Tod Leuris Mliitary Reservation North Yelm 51G Yelm J k r k. Lin gMcKenna �P 1P Project Area Rainier 507 14Sth Ave SE + � SCJ ALLIANCE CONSULTMC, SERVICES Figure 1 Site Vicinity Map Yelm East Gateway Yelm, WA Traffic Impact Analysis 4- Figure 1 Site Vicinity Map Yelm East Gateway Yelm, WA Traffic Impact Analysis Yelm East Gateway 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Traffic Impact Analysis The East Gateway commercial area consists of approximately 46 acres of undeveloped property in the eastern portion of the City of Yelm's commercial district. The project area includes seven parcels of land owned by several independent owners. The properties are situated mostly along the Yelm Avenue (SR 507) corridor, east of Yelm Creek and include areas just east of the Walmart Boulevard intersection. Figure 2 shows the subject properties, boundary area and surrounding development and parcels. The properties are located within a commercially- designated land -use area and could develop with a variety of uses, such as general retail, restaurants, professional office, big -box facilities, and others that are allowed by the City of Yelm code. The potential build -out of the properties will be dependent upon market and economic factors but it is likely that these properties could realize their full development potential within the next 10 -15 years. 2.1 Maximum Build -out as a Coordinated Development (Alternative 1) This alternative is for development of the commercial area as a coordinated development and assumes a 40% build -out on the site and up to approximately 800,000 square feet of shopping center uses. This development scenario exceeds the coverage of the neighboring Walmart by approximately 10 %. While this option may not be economically feasible, it demonstrates a future trend to provide high density urban centers. 2.2 Moderate Intensity Build -out as a Coordinated Development (Alternative 2) The moderate intensity alternative assumes a coordinated build -out of the site with approximately 25% build out on the site and up to approximately 500,000 square feet of shopping center uses. This development scenario reflects the upper range of development coverage typically seen in the City and provides a moderate build -out of the properties. 2.3 No- Action Alternative (Alternative 3) The no- action alternative assumes that development would occur consistent with existing zoning and would undergo environmental review on a project -by- project basis. Such projects would be subject to site - specific mitigation and potential SEPA -based appeals, without coverage under the non - project, Planned Action EIS process. Commercial properties would develop as single parcel sites. This option would achieve the lowest potential of build -out and would be restricted by a non - coordinated design of the commercial properties. This would be considered a "strip" retail type scenario with parcel -by- parcel development 2.3.1 Types of Uses The project analysis of the alternatives was based on uses typically found in shopping centers and commercial districts. This includes uses such as: • Offices • Banks (including drive through) • Grocery SO Alliance November 2014 Page 7 N Y 07 7] V Y iA N %-R ►A A Yelm Ave (SR 507) Rala"ill, Rd Yelm East Gateway Figure 2 Yelm WA 1.18 Project Boundary and Parcels SCJ ALLIANCE Traffic Impact Analysis CONSULTMC, SERVICES Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis • Retail Shops • Health /Fitness • Auto Services • Fast Food Restaurants (including drive through) • Sit Down Restaurants 2.4 Site Access System 2.4.1 Uncoordinated Access Plan The Yelm East Gateway project area is composed of multiple parcels with many different owners. If the properties were to develop independently with no coordination (as described in the No- Action alternative) each parcel would require access to the public road system. "Piecemeal" development under the No- Action scenario would require more individual driveways onto Yelm Avenue (SR 507). Denser driveway spacing could require variance from City of Yelm and WSDOT intersection spacing criteria. Providing adequate circulation to the parcels would require left -turn access onto and off of Yelm Avenue (SR 507) at each driveway however, many driveways may only be allowed right -turn movements. Additionally customer interaction between parcels would require drivers to use the public street to drive between separate businesses. Specifically under the No- Action scenario it is anticipated that five full- access driveways onto Yelm Avenue (SR 507) (in addition to Grove Road and Walmart Boulevard) would be required to serve the subject properties. The Uncoordinated Conceptual Access Plan is shown on Figure 3. 2.4.2 Coordinated Access Plan The Maximum Build -Out and Medium Build -Out scenarios each include coordination between parcels. This will allow a comprehensive access plan to be designed and constructed with internal connections between adjacent parcels. This will reduce the number of access points onto Yelm Avenue (SR 507) and will allow for limited access (right- turn -only) at some driveways where internal connections would provide drivers access to a controlled intersection with left -turn movements. Under the coordinated development scenarios there are no full- access driveways proposed on Yelm Avenue (SR 507) except via the northbound approach of the Grove Road intersection. The Coordinated Conceptual Access Plan that applies to both the Maximum Build -out and Moderate Intensity Build -out alternatives is shown on Figure 4. 2.4.3 Consistency with WSDOT and Yelm Policy The WSDOT Olympic region access control manual designates Yelm Avenue (SR 507) to be under access control Class 4 up to the eastern limits of the City. The project study limits fall within these limits. This allows for driveway spacing of 250 feet. However, based on City and WSDOT input the driveways would most likely not be allowed to provide left -turn movements into and out of the properties at this close spacing. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 9 IE� NO L _ W} No Internal ,Roadway Connections t Right -out only t ■ . Yelm East Gateway �� Figure 3 Yelm, WA Uncoordinated Conceptual Access Plan Traffic Impact Analysis SCJ ALLIANCE CONSULTMC, SERVICES \I,�/ AV N 4 11 Internal Roadway Connections r,r■■■■■■■■■■■ —7) f■ ■r■■■■■ ■ II A ■ ■ IN ■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■ ■ ■ i ■ ■ ■ ■ 4 ONE N■■■■■■■■ IN■■ ■NO■■■ ■1 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Internal Roadway Connections ■N■■■ ■NONE i IN ■■■■■■ ■■R ■R LEGEND REM Conceptual Access Network Full Access Right -Turn Only Access i Right -out only I� �$ Al Yelm East Gateway �� Figure 4 Yelm, WA Coordinated Conceptual Access Plan Traffic Impact Analysis SCJ ALLIANCE CONSULTMC, SERVICES 1♦ 1• L ■ IN IN ■ IN IS ■ ■NI■■■■■ ■r IN ■r� M LEGEND REM Conceptual Access Network Full Access Right -Turn Only Access i Right -out only I� �$ Al Yelm East Gateway �� Figure 4 Yelm, WA Coordinated Conceptual Access Plan Traffic Impact Analysis SCJ ALLIANCE CONSULTMC, SERVICES Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION 3.1 Area Land Uses The project site has two family homes and outbuildings. Most of the property immediately surrounding the site is undeveloped, with a few single family homes. A Walmart has been constructed adjacent to the northeast portion of the site and Country Storage is located immediately to the west of Walmart. 3.2 Roadway Inventory A comprehensive roadway survey was conducted to identify pre- existing conditions of the primary traffic facilities serving the subject properties. 3.2.1 Yelm Avenue (SR 507) The City of Yelm classifies Yelm Avenue (SR 507) as an Urban Arterial. SR 507 is a Highway of Regional Significance (Non -HSS) and its state functional classification is R2, Rural -Minor Arterial. Mile Post (MP) 27.32 through MP 29.90 of SR 507 is located within the incorporated limits of the City. Yelm Avenue (SR 507) consists of a single lane in each direction, with a two -way left -turn lane between Third Street and Creek Street /SR 507 /Bald Hills Road. Curb, gutter, sidewalks and bike lanes are provided along portions of the road. The road has a posted speed limit of 35 mph west of Bald Hills Road and 45 mph east of Bald Hills Road. 3.2.2 Yelm Avenue (SR 510) SR 510 has a state functional classification of R2, Rural -Minor Arterial. It is a Highway of Regional Significance (Non Highway of State Significance). The City classifies the roadway as an Urban Arterial. The road runs from the east City limits to First Street. One lane in each direction is provided, with a two - way left turn lane west of Longmire Street and between Edwards Street and First Street. 3.2.3 Grove Road SE Grove Road is classified as an Urban Arterial. In the project vicinity, the roadway has a single lane in each direction and narrow shoulders. Neither sidewalks nor bike lanes are provided. 3.2.4 Walmart Boulevard Walmart Boulevard runs in a north -south direction between 103rd Avenue SE and SR 507. A single travel lane in each direction is provided, with sidewalks and planter strips along the Walmart frontage. This roadway alignment is part of the partially constructed SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) roadway that will provide a direct arterial connection from SR 510 (Yelm Highway) at Mud Run Road SE to Yelm Avenue (SR 507) at the current Walmart Boulevard intersection. 3.2.5 Bald Hills Road SE Bald Hills Road is a two -lane Urban Arterial with paved shoulders. Sidewalks and bike lanes are not provided. In the study area the roadway has a posted speed limit of 40 mph. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 12 Yelm East Gateway 3.2.6 103rd Avenue NE Traffic Impact Analysis In the project vicinity, 103rd Avenue provides a single lane in each direction with narrow paved shoulders and a posted speed limit of 25 mph. 103rd Avenue NE is classified as a Commercial Collector from Yelm Avenue (SR 507) to NE Creek Street and as a Local Access Residential Street from NE Creek Street to Canal Road SE. 3.2.7 Traffic Volume Data The City of Yelm and Traffic Count Consultants provided evening peak period turning movement counts. The counts were conducted on January 9, 2014 between 3:00 PM and 6:00 PM for the following locations: • Creek Street -Bald Hills Road /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Bald Hills Road /Morris Road • Grove Road/ Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Walmart Boulevard/ Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Walmart Driveway Access /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) • Creek Street /103rd Avenue • Grove Road /103rd Avenue • Walmart Boulevard /103rd Avenue Additionally, counts for the following locations were conducted between 2:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. on April 16, 2014: • Burnett Road /SR 510 • Killion Road /SR 510 • Cullens Road /SR 510 • Longmire Street /SR 510 • Mosman Street /SR 507 • First Street /SR 510 • First Street /Stevens Street • First Street /Rhoton Road /Railway Street • Clark Road /SR 507 • 103rd Avenue /SR 507 • 103rd Avenue /West Road These traffic volumes were used for the base year operations analysis and as the basis for future year traffic volume projections. Figure 5 shows the existing 2014 traffic volumes for the study intersections. The turning movement count diagrams are provided in Appendix A. 3.3 Public Transportation Intercity Transit (IT) Route 94 travels between downtown Olympia and the Yelm Walmart. Buses run east on SR 507 through the site to the Yelm Walmart, north on Walmart Boulevard, west on 103rd Avenue, south on Creek Street and west on SR 507. Hourly service is provided on weekdays between 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m. On weekends, hourly service is between 9:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 13 o N I L-35 .J L+ —395 21 615— 1) Burnett Rd at Yelm Ave L 45 r, � � Ln X480 .J 1 L, r 20 5-J I I- 670— Ln o Ln f'4 0� 2) Killion Rd at Yelm Ave L 15 6J f'4 o X535 l L. r 2 201 `lir 740 �n o nl 5� 3) Cullens St at Yelm Ave 7Ln 25 rLn 475 200 501 :Ln Yo 500 60� 6) 1st St at Yelm Ave 67L-20 755 7o 251 'I I r 805 o Ln o 10-1 9) Clark Rd at Yelm Ave a c 3 m 0 4) Longmire St at Yelm Ave n t_ 60 Ln o o X125 -1 rn J 1 L. r25 951 1 r 265 45-1 0 0 0 ci 7) 1st St at Stevens Hwy t_ 10 o �n 830 r2 601 `I i r 870 -i o Ln 0-1 10) 103rd Ave at Yelm Ave V?49 8 16) Bald Hills Rd at 17) Grove Rd at 18) Walmart Blvd at 19) Yelm Ave at `i4 LP4ss� sx Morris Rd Yelm Ave Yelm Ave Walmart Driveway Access r 5 IRZ 5) 1st Stat I. A ' l�,�;% �,� -,1 :� -' Mosman Ave i 85 L 50 —140 F, -i ° —100 —15 o Ln -i rn X520 r 60 f j ! r-2 r 10 „) 1 �. r 75 200 r 1051 1 r D2 10~ r 201 1 r 145 -ZT 00 180 o o �n 205 o^ 370 o �n o 10-1 �' �' 280 o 00 �n 12) Creek St at 13) Grove Rd at 14) Walmart Blvd at 15) Bald Hills Rd /Creek St at 103rd Ave 103rd Ave 103rd Ave Yelm Ave 4. C Ln Ln Ln rLn rl L-70 Ln rLn ;-685 100 rr-JL- L130 s Q�C Dol —670 —715 G� 110 5-J 1051 401 15-1 520— 455— 590- O I V?49 8 16) Bald Hills Rd at 17) Grove Rd at 18) Walmart Blvd at 19) Yelm Ave at `i4 LP4ss� sx Morris Rd Yelm Ave Yelm Ave Walmart Driveway Access r 5 IRZ 5) 1st Stat I. A ' l�,�;% �,� -,1 :� -' Mosman Ave i O Ln ;1IV 01 t r Y 2� _i o o 1� r, o m 8) 1st St /Rhoton Rd at Railway Rd L- 160 Ln r 5 - 55 `� i r 85 � Ln o Ln 10- 11) West Rd at 103rd Ave r i. 13 103rd Ave 14 xx— PI XN m ' G' a i 1 t9 04 rA 410. f i --rr ,:100 17 18 19 `y y 16 ea /ayills Ra Project Area .% r -_ .J Figure 5 Yelm East Gateway W Existing 2014 PM Peak Hour Yelm, WA SC.J ALLIANCE Traffic Volumes Traffic Impact Analysis CONSULTING SERVICES Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis 4. PROJECT TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS The two project - related characteristics having the most effect on area traffic conditions are peak hour trip generation and the directional distribution of traffic volumes on the surrounding roadway network. 4.1 Site - Generated Traffic Volumes Project trip generation for each of the three alternatives was calculated using the trip generation rates contained in the current edition of the Trip Generation report by the Institute of Transportation Engineers. The Shopping Center land use (land use code 820) was determined to be applicable. The trip generation rates used for this analysis are shown in Table 1. A project such as a commercial center tends to attract a large amount of traffic from people already driving on the area roadways. These trips are not new trips added to the local roadways (primary trips) but represent "pass -by" trips according to the following definition: Pass -by Trips are trips made as an intermediate stop from an origin to a primary destination (i.e., stopping to shop on the way home from work) by vehicles passing directly by the project driveway. The new -to- network trip rate reflects an estimated 34% occurrence of "pass -by" vehicles for the shopping center. Table 1. Trip Generation Characteristics — PM Peak Hour Fitted Curve PM Peak Hour Trip Rates Land Use (LU) Unit Rate Pass -By % Enter % Exit Shopping Center (LU 820) 1,000 sf Varies 34% 48% 52% The total trip generation expected from the development is calculated by applying the square footage of the shopping center uses in each of the alternatives to the appropriate trip generation rate. The total project trip generation and new -to- network trip generation for each scenario are shown in Table 2. The fitted curve equation for a shopping center (ITE land use code 820) was used to calculate the trip generation of each alternative. Trip generation was reviewed and approved by the City of Yelm during the traffic scoping process. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 15 Yelm East Gateway Table 2. Project PM Trip Generation Summary Traffic Impact Analysis 4.2 Site Traffic Distribution The vehicle directional trip distribution to and from the site will be based primarily on: • The area street system characteristics; • Current travel patterns on the area roadways; • The proposed access system for the project; and • Locations of residential areas and shopping /commercial centers. The Thurston Regional Planning Council (TRPC) model currently maintains a travel demand model that incorporates all of Thurston County. TRPC created the area -wide transportation model with cooperation from the local jurisdictions within the County. The model, developed using the Emme /3 software package, has been calibrated to accurately represent the existing vehicle travel patterns throughout the entire county. The model provides significant detail in the City of Yelm area and has been used extensively as a traffic forecasting tool for transportation studies in the City of Yelm. In the transportation model, the county -wide transportation network is divided into "Traffic Analysis Zones" (TAZ's). A Select Zone Analysis (SZA) was conducted for TAZ 534 to estimate the directional distribution characteristics of project traffic. This feature of the Emme /3 software package allows all of SO Alliance November 2014 Page 16 Fitted New -To- Network Site Plan Units Curve Total Trips Pass- Trips Description Land Use (sf) Rate In Out Total By In Out Total No Action Alternative Shopping North Side Center 105,333 5.89 298 322 620 211 196 213 409 Shopping South Side Center 123,667 5.59 332 359 691 235 219 237 456 Total 630 681 1311 446 415 450 865 Moderate Intensity Alternative Shopping North Side Center 190,337 4.84 442 479 921 313 292 316 608 Shopping South Side Center 307,860 4.13 610 661 1271 432 403 436 839 Total 1052 1140 2192 745 695 752 1447 Highest Intensity Alternative Shopping North Side Center 304,572 4.15 607 657 1264 430 400 434 834 Shopping South Side Center 492,576 3.54 837 907 1744 593 552 599 1151 Total 1444 1564 3008 1023 952 1033 1985 4.2 Site Traffic Distribution The vehicle directional trip distribution to and from the site will be based primarily on: • The area street system characteristics; • Current travel patterns on the area roadways; • The proposed access system for the project; and • Locations of residential areas and shopping /commercial centers. The Thurston Regional Planning Council (TRPC) model currently maintains a travel demand model that incorporates all of Thurston County. TRPC created the area -wide transportation model with cooperation from the local jurisdictions within the County. The model, developed using the Emme /3 software package, has been calibrated to accurately represent the existing vehicle travel patterns throughout the entire county. The model provides significant detail in the City of Yelm area and has been used extensively as a traffic forecasting tool for transportation studies in the City of Yelm. In the transportation model, the county -wide transportation network is divided into "Traffic Analysis Zones" (TAZ's). A Select Zone Analysis (SZA) was conducted for TAZ 534 to estimate the directional distribution characteristics of project traffic. This feature of the Emme /3 software package allows all of SO Alliance November 2014 Page 16 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis the traffic into and out of a particular zone to be isolated and shown separately from the rest of the traffic on the network. This graphically shows the percentage of vehicles currently using each of the available routes into and out of the area (Yelm Avenue (SR 507), Bald Hills Road, Grove Road, Walmart Boulevard, etc.). From this information, regional distribution percentages were calculated for future traffic from the proposed East Gateway project. Previous review and analysis of the regional traffic distribution in the vicinity has shown that the model underestimates the commercial traffic draw to /from the northeast (into Pierce County). Accordingly, the regional distribution was adjusted for this study to be consistent with previous analysis for the area. Specifically, the draw to /from west of Yelm (on SR 510, from the Lacey area) was reduced and the draw to /from northeast of Yelm (via SR 507). The distribution was also "ground - truthed" by comparing to the existing traffic volumes generated by the Walmart based on recent counts at the Walmart driveways. 4.3 Traffic Assignment Scenarios The site - generated traffic was assigned to the area roadway network differently for the two analysis horizon years (2020 and 2035). The differences are described below. 4.3.1 2020 horizon The development traffic was assigned based on existing travel trends and includes only existing roadway connections in the area. Specifically SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) and the Bald Hills Road Connector (Y- 2c) are not yet in place for this scenario. The site traffic distribution and assignment for the highest traffic potential for the 2020 network is shown on Figures 6 and 7. 4.3.2 2035 horizon Development traffic was assigned to the network assuming SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) and Y -2c (from Yelm Avenue (SR 507) to Bald Hills Road) to be completed. These improvements are described in section 5.1. These connections result in more site - generated traffic arriving from the loop roads and not using Yelm Avenue (SR 507) directly to access the site. The site traffic distribution and assignment of the highest traffic potential for the 2035 network is shown on Figure 8. The site traffic distribution and assignment figures for the other two development scenarios are provided in Appendix B. The traffic distribution and assignments were reviewed and approved by City of Yelm staff. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 17 1) Burnett Rd at Yelm Ave 60 r 21 58— �► rn 2) Killion Rd at Yelm Ave 3) Cullens St at Yelm Ave —91 r 103 87— r Ln rn 6) 1st St at Yelm Ave —238 r7 222— r 9) Clark Rd at Yelm Ave 41 Z ai c m O L- 10 �► —81 77— 4) Longmire St at Yelm Ave c O Y �J 5) 1st St at Mosman Ave 7) 1st St at Stevens Hwy 8) 1st St /Rhoton Rd at Railway Rd 10) 103rd Ave at Yelm Ave 11) West Rd at 103rd Ave Project Trips I ry X31 o m L35 Pass -By Trips r 21 Inbound Outbound Total X23 511 512 1023 28— r 21— t m 26-1 rn rn New -to- Network Trips N ° Inbound Outbound Total 953 1033 1986 z oh O 4. vOC� dr OW ? os 6 40 .4eS, ` - 4V 287 r 134 267 —I r N 12) Creek St at 13) Grove Rd at 14) Walmart Blvd at 15) Bald Hills Rd /Creek St at 103rd Ave 103rd Ave 103rd Ave Yelm Ave • N N L-52 (48) r-- L-53 I 000 m L. X160( -167 X176( -95) •.) i J ! 4 x89(83) x104(95) —333 481 I (44) 1001 -1 I r► (42) 651 ') i r► 361 - �p ( -73) 173 o ( -93) 172 (29) 70-1 (39) 60� r 16) Bald Hills Rd at 17) Grove Rd at 18) Walmart Blvd at 19) Yelm Ave at Morris Rd Yelm Ave Yelm Ave Walmart Driveway Access �. Afr► , -r Legend ter. •=- z =. - - - -- .- - � � Figure 6 qW 2020 PM Peak Hour Site - Generated SC.J ALLIANCE Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 CONSULTING SERVICES 12 �� 4 Y GJ I' �J k V m O a 13 103rd Ave 14 XXX Site - Generated Project Trips m (XXX)� Site - Generated Pass -By Trips G 00 XX% Distribution Percentage 04 G � JY„ All •'o 19 N Project Area ed /a yi//S Ra' Yelm East Gateway Yelm, WA Traffic Impact Analysis Note 5% of the distribution was applied internally between the north and south side of the site. An additional 5% was assigned as internal capture. Legend XXX Site - Generated Project Trips (XXX) Site - Generated Pass -By Trips XX Distribution Percentage � + SCJ ALLIANCE CONSULTMC, SERVICES Figure 7 PM Peak Hour Site - Generated Project Trips - Alt 1 (Site Driveways) ;_ m -- m L18 (27) (28) 86-1-t t 0 O M l �n 00 -z:r �m �I 18 (27) 20—' t . ro�ect (21) 59-1 ZL N Area M k i t t 00 00 _ N In 00 c-I ...- _ - .�... L53 Oo v L52 (48) °—° •" o vi _ X176 ( -95) M m r, r 160 ( -167) r, 00 L35 (81) j r 104 (95) X421 1 r89 (83) 223(-81) 321--o. r (44) 100-J I r ( r (42) 65-J ~I t r 325 li y 3 74 N ( -73) 173 (12) 23 Oo o v ( -93) 172 Ln � (29) 70-1 N V (39) 60� � J - Figure 7 PM Peak Hour Site - Generated Project Trips - Alt 1 (Site Driveways) ;_ m -- m L18 (27) (28) 86-1-t t 0 cn v �n 00 -z:r �m �I 18 (27) 128► 85-J 35 -0/ e Project Trips Pass -By Trips Inbound Outbound Total 511 512 1023 New -to- Network Trips Inbound Outbound Total 953 1033 1986 Yelm East Gateway Ye I m, WA Traffic Impact Analysis N *� l .� y • r. a "7_ -13 iO3,# Ave# 14 • if aA ......... At. - .25%►�, Via, 41 -} - - 4b c ell } 3 0 • r� 16 s �6 Legend XXX —0- Site - Generated Project Trips (XXX) --1P- Site - Generated Pass -By Trips XX Distribution Percentage -.90M. � �� SCJ ALLIANCE CONSULTMC, SERVICES Yelm Ave , n Project Area 18% —31 r 21 29— r M 12) 103rd Ave at Creek St L 12 �o (► —11 10 —I•) t 38-1 o a� 13) 103rd Ave at Grove Rd —227 ;-52 209— r a 14) 103rd Ave at 15) Yelm Ave at Walmart Blvd Bald Hills Rd /Creek St - 16) Bald Hills Rd at 19 25 Morris Rd T Project Trips Pass -By Trips Inbound Outbound Total 511 512 1023 New -to- Network Trips Inbound Outbound Total 953 1033 1986 Figure 8 2035 PM Peak Hour Site - Generated Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 / L37 \ O n —115 .1 j r-71 68: I*' t r 2) 125 oro c 12) 78- N 18) Yelm Ave at Walmart Blvd 0' (24')SS —113(-84) 1 x87(60) (22) 59--1 t r 30) 125— ,� c (8) 43� 17) Yelm Ave at Grove Rd 19) Yelm Ave at I Walmart Driveway Access Yelm East Gateway Yelm, WA Traffic Impact Analysis Yelm East Gateway 5. FUTURE TRAFFIC CONDITIONS Traffic Impact Analysis 5.1 Roadway Improvements The City of Yelm's Six -Year Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) 2013 -2019 includes a number of projects in the study area: Y -2c — Bald Hills to SR 507 —This project constructs a new collector street between Bald Hills Road and the traffic signal at the SR 507 /SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) intersection. SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) — Construction of this north loop provides a primary alternative for traffic traveling through and around the City Center. Bald Hills Road from City limits to 5 Corners —This project reconstructs Bald Hills Road to a three -lane facility between the Western Chehalis Railroad and its intersection with Yelm Avenue (SR 507). 5.2 Future Traffic Volumes The traffic volume forecasts for the study intersections were prepared using the TRPC travel demand model. The TRPC model reflects the planned household and employment growth predicted by the City for over the long -term planning horizon. 5.2.1 2020 Horizon For the 2020 horizon, the "background" area -wide traffic growth rate was determined by the growth trends calculated from model output. Specifically, for the 2020 horizon a 2.5% annual growth rate was used for SR 507 and SR 510, and 1% annual growth rate for all other roadways in the study area. The growth rates were applied to the existing traffic counts collected for the area. The site - generated traffic volumes for the three development alternatives were added to the background traffic volumes to calculate the three total traffic assignments for the study. 5.2.2 2035 Horizon By the 2035 horizon additional roadway connections planned within the City are anticipated to be completed. These new connections will have a notable effect on traffic flows within the localized study area. The current TRPC 2035 model scenario was used as the baseline for calculating the traffic shifts in the area. The 2035 model includes all of the planned improvements in the current Regional Transportation Plan. Specific improvements within the study area that will affect 2035 travel patterns are listed below: • Completion of the entire SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) from Mud Run Road at Yelm Avenue (SR 507) to the Walmart Boulevard intersection at Yelm Avenue (SR 507). • Y -1 Loop (Thurston Highlands area) from Killion Street at Yelm Avenue to SR 507 south of Yelm. • Y -2c from Yelm Avenue (SR 507) at Walmart Boulevard to Bald Hills Road. The spacing between the Grove Road and WalMart Boulevard intersection is approximately 700 -feet and it is doubtful the Washington State Department of Transportation will allow traffic signal control at this intersection due to insufficient spacing for vehicle queuing between intersections. Therefore, it is anticipated intersection control will include a roundabout. Construction of a modern roundabout will improve the intersection operations by decreasing speeds and reducing collisions and traffic delays. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 21 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis To estimate background traffic volume conditions, the TRPC model was used to predict changes in the traffic patterns associated with the new connections. Specifically the 2035 volume scenarios were calculated by growing the study intersections by the global growth trends used for the 2020 horizon and adjusting the traffic flows to account for the localized traffic re- assignment caused by the Y -2c and SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) connections. The 2020 total traffic assignment for the highest traffic scenario is provided on Figures 9 and 10. The total traffic assignment for the 2035 horizon is shown on Figure 11. The total traffic assignment for the other scenarios is provided in Appendix B. Traffic volume calculations for the study intersections are shown in Appendix C. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 22 o m I L45 -) L+ —505 51 755— 1) Burnett Rd at Yelm Ave Ln L 45 ,n Ln -4 610 .j 1 L. r 45 51 'lir 825— Ln o Ln 45-1 `4 -i ^ 2) Killion Rd at Yelm Ave L 15 o Ln o X 700 «) 1 L. r 5 201 930 L o r 5-1 3) Cullens St at Yelm Ave o L25 0 ° ° 640 �) 1 L. r 335 501 'I I r 665 o Ln Ln 65—� �rnm � m 6) 1st St at Yelm Ave L-20 N Ln o° —1105 1 L. r 80 251 `I i r 1150— o Ln Ln 10 1 00 9) Clark Rd at Yelm Ave 4 Z c 3 m O •�.'y 4) Longmire St at Yelm Ave o t-85 0 -i ° X135 J 1 L. r25 1001 -1 t r 280 Ln o o 50-1 mmm ri 7) 1st St at Stevens Hwy r L 10 � o Ln — 1195 JIL. r5 651 1230— o 0-1 10) 103rd Ave at Yelm Ave 5) 1st St at Mosman Ave O 8 4. P� '°cAS O J ` OOS 6 4- . ` 410 41f 10 .� ! r90 -a ,R 01 '� 1 r oc 5 � in in o i 5 oN m 8) 1st St /Rhoton Rd at * , Railway Rd 0 L 190 n`ni m '45 !� r5 - 60 100 'L o n - 10- 11) West Rd at 103rd Ave 11 12 X180 n o 0°0 ° 1125 —130 —15 0 o ° M ° L-55 —885 -•_ _ r85 fj ! r5 r10 „) 1 x215 240— `1 r 1101 '1 1 r 10— `1 r 201 `1 1 r 155-1 - 0 210— o o �n 270-1 ° - 695 Ln o Ln O1 40-1 N 295 N 12) Creek St at 13) Grove Rd at 14) Walmart Blvd at 15) Bald Hills Rd /Creek St at 103rd Ave 103rd Ave 103rd Ave Yelm Ave L 175 L 160 �n o N ° �n o 0 rn X760 rjS X870 L140 `J + .I ! 1. x170 x200 .� L. —1155 1651 Dol 1501 `� 1 r 2151 `� 1 r 451 jLn 100-1 rn -1 100-1 X10 0 16) Bald Hills Rd at 17) Grove Rd at 18) Walmart Blvd at 19) Yelm Ave at Morris Rd Yelm Ave Yelm Ave Walmart Driveway Access - +� -,7•' ,. .. .�: � � { fir. ,� •, �• • - - r r� .. r`io• aw. I r � i� ! • ii 7 - .��: „M1 LEGEND 11 12 16 13 103rd Ave 14 xx— PI m ' i 1 f6 04 i --rr Y3.�• < <i 410. f �7 Of :� 7 17 18 19 `s#j y - • 4-Y 4 _ � I 0 Bd�a "'ills Ra Project Area J _ �J-0. s+ Figure 9 Yelm East Gateway Projected 2020 PM Peak Hour Yelm, WA SC.J ALLIANCE Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 Traffic Impact Analysis CONSULTING SERVICES ++ of - _ Y 16 13 103rd Ave 14 xx— PI m ' i 1 f6 04 i --rr Y3.�• < <i 410. f �7 Of :� 7 17 18 19 `s#j y - • 4-Y 4 _ � I 0 Bd�a "'ills Ra Project Area J _ �J-0. s+ Figure 9 Yelm East Gateway Projected 2020 PM Peak Hour Yelm, WA SC.J ALLIANCE Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 Traffic Impact Analysis CONSULTING SERVICES R :k -- SCJ ALLIANCE CONSULTENC, SERVICES G Parcel A Parcel C North Driveway North Driveway 3 _ Parcel C Pa South Driveway = South Driveway Figure 10 Projected 2020 PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 (Site Driveways) N n .I.. 1 �► 1-45 T M - r3 .n i .4 Yelm East Gateway Ye I m, WA Traffic Impact Analysis . or 1-115 x925 M m N N r r 215 j 1-175 _ - ,n o N m N x760 -- X1205 - ;-170 r '1tf o O Ln mN Figure 10 Projected 2020 PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 (Site Driveways) N n .I.. 1 �► 1-45 T M - r3 .n i .4 Yelm East Gateway Ye I m, WA Traffic Impact Analysis 0 1-115 x925 r r 215 j Im _ :.605 is 100 N W L-n O ��� Figure 10 Projected 2020 PM Peak Hour Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 (Site Driveways) N n .I.. 1 �► 1-45 T M - r3 .n i .4 Yelm East Gateway Ye I m, WA Traffic Impact Analysis N dN E . P � �a16 4, S� 14 _41 LT 14 _41 g [G k j r 4f - r Figure 11 1.8 Projected 2035 PM Peak Hour SCJ ALLIANCE Traffic Volumes - Alt 1 CONSULTMC, SERVICES L-40 —200 °m m 00 X130 r90 .1 1 r5 245 r 1251 1 175 o N 200 o r 55-� ° N 12) 103rd Ave at 13) 103rd Ave at Creek St Grove Rd L5 L60 ui min —15 r�p —695 ,J 1 L. r10 r70 10 � � 1 r 400 `1 r 320 �m� 310 °goo 14) 103rd Ave at 15) Yelm Ave at Walmart Blvd Bald Hills Rd /Creek St 0 o 0 u m m 1 2301 15-1 � m ' 16) Bald Hills Rd at 17) Yelm Ave at 19 a. Morris Rd Grove Rd n o o L635 m m —660 rVL. L160 r80 —1290 951 V�c 501 485 1130 90-4 18) Yelm Ave at 19) Yelm Ave at Walmart Blvd Walmart Driveway Access LEGEND XX— PM PEAK HOUR TRAFFIC VOLUMES Yelm East Gateway Yelm, WA Traffic Impact Analysis Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis 6. TRAFFIC OPERATIONS ANALYSIS 6.1 Intersection Level of Service The acknowledged source for determining overall capacity for arterial segments and independent intersections is the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). For signalized and stop sign - controlled intersections, the HCM 2010 methodology was used. For analysis of "modern roundabout" intersections, the Sidra analysis methodology was used. Capacity analyses were completed for the base year and projected 2020 PM peak hour traffic volume scenarios for all intersections. Capacity analyses were completed for 2035 horizon for the project frontage area intersections only. Capacity analysis results are described in terms of Level of Service (LOS). LOS is a qualitative term describing operating conditions a driver will experience while traveling on a particular street or highway during a specific time interval. It ranges from A (very little delay) to F (long delays and congestion). The intersections in this study are held to the following LOS standards adopted by the City: In all residential zones, LOS C In all commercial and light industrial zones, LOS D In the urban core, generally between Edwards Street and 4t" Street and Mosman Avenue and West Road, LOS F is recognized as an acceptable level of service where mitigation to create traffic diversions, alternate routes and modes of transportation are being planned, funded and implemented. The LOS standard for the urban core area shall not preclude the City's ability to require necessary safety improvements of intersections impacted by new development. 6.1.1 Intersection Operations Level of Service calculations for intersections determine the amount of "control delay" (in seconds) that drivers will experience while proceeding through an intersection. Control delay includes all deceleration delay, stopped delay and acceleration delay caused by the traffic control device. The Level of Service is directly related to the amount of delay experienced. For Concurrency Review, the City uses the total average delay of the intersection and not individual movements. For intersections under minor street stop -sign control, the LOS of the most difficult movement (typically the minor street left -turn) represents the intersection level of service for purposes of assessing potential impacts. However, the Concurrency Review threshold is applied to the intersection average LOS. The following tables show the Level of Service criteria for signalized and unsignalized intersections. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 26 Yelm East Gateway Table 3. Level of Service Criteria for Signalized Intersections Traffic Impact Analysis Level of Service Average Control Delay (seconds /vehicle) A <_ 10 B > 10 -20 C > 20 -35 D > 35 -55 E > 55 -80 F > 80 Table 4. Level of Service Criteria for Unsignalized Intersections Level of Service Average Control Delay (seconds /vehicle) A <_ 10 B > 10 -15 C > 15 -25 D > 25 -35 E > 35 -50 F > 50 6.2 Volume to Capacity Ratio Another measure of the function of a signalized intersection is the "degree of saturation" which is typically presented as the "volume to capacity" (v /c) ratio. Many factors affect the volume of traffic an intersection can accommodate during a specific time interval. These factors include the number of lanes, lane widths, the type of signal phasing, the number of parking maneuvers on the adjacent street, etc. Based on these factors, the intersection (or individual lane group) is determined to have a total vehicle carrying capacity "c" for the analysis period. The analysis period volume "v" is compared to the calculated carrying capacity and presented as a ratio. If the v/c ratio is below 1.0, the demand volume is less than the maximum capacity. If the v/c ratio is over 1.0, the demand volume is exceeding the available capacity. 6.3 Intersection Operations The analysis was conducted for the following three traffic volume scenarios: • Existing 2014 traffic volumes • Projected 2020 traffic volumes with the Yelm East Gateway project (three development alternatives) • Projected 2035 traffic volumes (using highest traffic development scenario only) The capacity analysis worksheets are provided in Appendix D. Following is a description of the level of service analysis of the study intersections for the scenarios listed above. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 27 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis 6.4 Stop Sign - Controlled Intersections Intersection analysis for stop controlled intersections was performed using the Highway Capacity Manual output for the Synchro software. Synchro incorporates the methodology of the current Highway Capacity Manual and is used by the City of Yelm to review operating conditions for unsignalized intersections. The results identified below represent the average LOS condition for the intersection as a whole and not by specific traffic movement. 6.4.1 Burnett Road /SR 510 This is a tee intersection with stop sign control for Burnett Road. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.2 Cullens Road /Yelm Avenue (SR 510) This intersection has stop sign control for the north and south approaches on Cullens Road. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.3 Longmire Street /Yelm Avenue (SR 510) This intersection has stop sign control for the north and south approaches on Longmire Street. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.4 1st Street / Mosman Avenue This intersection is made up of two slightly offset tee intersections, with stop control on the east and west approaches of Mosman Avenue. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS F. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.5 First Street /Stevens Street This intersection has stop control for the east and west approaches on Stevens Street. Both roads provide a single lane in each direction. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS F. This intersection currently operates at an LOS D and is projected to operate at an LOS E in the 2020 scenario for the highest traffic threshold. This intersection has experienced a change in volume patterns now that it provides an alternative route across 1St Street. The change in volume can be accommodated by converting this intersection to all -way stop - control. Under all -way stop - control, this intersection is projected to operate at an LOS C for all of the build alternatives. 6.4.6 1st Street /Rhoton Road /Railway Road This intersection has stop control for the east and west approaches on Railway Road. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 28 Yelm East Gateway 6.4.7 103rd Avenue /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) Traffic Impact Analysis This intersection has stop control on the north and south approaches of 103rd Avenue. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.8 West Road /103rd Avenue This intersection has stop control on the north and south approaches of West Road. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS B. It is projected to operate at an LOS C in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.9 Creek Street /103rd Avenue This is a tee intersection with stop control for Creek Street. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.10 Grove Road /103rd Avenue This is a four -way intersection under all -way stop - control. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS C. This intersection currently operates at an LOS B and is projected to remain an LOS B for the 2020 Alt 2 and Alt 3 build alternatives. The intersection is projected to operate at an LOS C in the 2020 Alt 1 build alternative. No mitigation is required. 6.4.11 Walmart Boulevard /103rd Avenue This tee intersection has stop sign control on the south approach of Walmart Boulevard. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS C. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.12 Bald Hills Road /Morris Road This is a tee intersection with stop control on the south approach of Morris Road. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.4.13 Grove Road /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This is a tee intersection with stop control on the north approach of Grove Road. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A. For the 2020 build alternatives, a fourth leg (south approach) of the intersection will be constructed to provide access into the project area south of Yelm Avenue (SR 507). Leaving the north and south approaches as stop controlled for the 2020 build alternatives, the intersection is projected to operate at an LOS F condition during the PM peak traffic period. This location will serve as one of the primary access points for the proposed development and stop control will not accommodate the projected traffic volumes for any of the development scenarios. Construction of a modern roundabout will improve the operations for conditions with the highest traffic potential to an LOS D. The Alt 2 build alternative is projected to operate at an LOS B, while the Alt 3 SO Alliance November 2014 Page 29 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis build alternative is projected to operate at an LOS A. The other type of intersection control to consider is the installation of a traffic signal control system. This is a traditional method to provide controlled access while mitigating significant delay impacts to the cross street traffic. However, given the close proximity of this location to the downstream signal system at the Walmart intersection, this type of traffic control will not be permitted by WSDOT. A description of the merits and impacts associated with a modern roundabout versus a signalized system is provided below. Both a modern roundabout and a traffic signal system could be designed at this location to meet acceptable level of service standards. However, a traffic signal would require widening Yelm Avenue (SR 507) further west of the intersection to accommodate vehicle storage. At roundabouts vehicles only turn right to enter the intersection and left -turn lanes are not required. Also vehicles are generally continuously moving which reduces the need for widening to accommodate queued vehicles. A modern roundabout would also provide an opportunity for vehicles to enter or exit right- turn -only (RTO) driveways on Yelm Avenue (SR 507) by performing a U -turn at the roundabout. For example a vehicle headed westbound on Yelm Avenue (SR 507) wishing to enter a RTO driveway on the south side of Yelm Avenue (SR 507) could U -turn at Grove Road and enter the driveway. Modern roundabouts have been shown to experience much lower crash rates than comparable traffic signals. Data provided by FHWA indicate that an intersection converting from traffic signal to roundabout experiences, on average, a 48% reduction in total vehicle crashes and a 78% reduction in injury crashes. For the reasons described above a modern roundabout is proposed as the preferred intersection control alternative at this location. 6.4.14 Walmart Driveway Access /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This is a tee intersection with stop control on the north approach, which is the Walmart Driveway Access. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A and is projected to remain an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. Table 5 summarizes the operational results for the stop sign - controlled intersections. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 30 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis Table S. Unsignalized Intersections — LOS Summary PM Peak Hour SO Alliance November 2014 Page 31 Projected Projected Projected Concurrency Projected 2020 Alt 1 2020 Alt 2 2020 Alt 3 Standard Existing 2014 2020 Alt 1 with Imp with Imp With Imp Worst Worst Worst Worst Worst Movement Movement Movement Movement Movement Intersection Intersection Intersection Intersection Intersection Intersection Average Average Average Average Average Burnett Rd at D C(22) D (33) D (33) D (30) D (29) Yelm Ave A (1) A (1) A (1) A (1) A (1) Cullens St at (E 39) F(76) F(76) F(70) F(64) Yelm Ave D A (1) A (1) A (1) A (1) A (1) Longmire St at D D (35) F(108) F(108) F(77) F(53) Yelm Ave A (2) A (3) A (3) A (3) A (2) 1St St at C(24) E(43) E(43) E(37) D (33) Mosman Ave F A (5) A (5) A (5) A (5) A (5) 1St St at F(50) F(108) C (24)1 C (23)1 C (22)1 Stevens Hwy F D (25) E(49) C (18)1 C (17)1 C (17)1 1St St /Rhoton Rd B (12) B (14) B (14) B (14) B (13) at Railway Rd D A (2) A (3) A (3) A (3) A (3) 103rd Ave at F(93) F(300+) F(300+) F(300+) F(253) Yelm Ave D A (1) A (4) A (4) A (4) A (3) West Rd at D C(24) D (32) D (32) D (30) D (28) 103rd Ave B (13) C (17) C (17) C (16) B (15) Creek St at D B (12) B (14) B (14) B (14) B (13) 103rd Ave A (3) A (4) A (4) A (4) A (3) Grove Rd at B (12) C (21) C (21) C (17) B (15) 103rd Ave C B (11) C (18) C(18) B (15) B (13) Walmart Blvd at C B (11) B (12) B (12) B (11) B (11) 103rd Ave A (5) A (6) A (6) A (5) A (5) Bald Hills Rd at C (17) D (30) D (30) D (25) C(22) Morris Rd D A (3) A (5) A (5) A (4) A (3) Grove Rd at C(24) F(300+) F (101)3 C(25 )3 C (17)3 Yelm Ave D A (1) F (Error)' D (32)3 B (14)3 A (7)3 Walmart Driveway C(23) F(60) F(60) E(48) E(38) Access at D A (2) A (3) A (3) A (3) A (2) Yelm Ave 1) Convert intersection to all -way stop control 2) Error given in software as a result of excessive delay 3) Includes implementation of a Modern Roundabout SO Alliance November 2014 Page 31 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis 6.5 Signalized Intersections 6.5.1 Killion Road /Tahoma Boulevard SE /SR 510 This is a four approach intersection under traffic signal control. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A. It is projected to operate at an LOS B in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.5.2 First Street /SR 507 /SR 510 This is a four approach intersection under traffic signal control. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS F. This intersection currently operates at an LOS C. It is projected to operate at an LOS E in the 2020 Alt 1 and Alt 2 build alternatives. For the 2020 Alt 3 build alternative, this intersection is projected to operate at an LOS D. No mitigation is required. 6.5.3 Clark Road /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This is a four approach intersection under traffic signal control. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS A. It is projected to operate at an LOS B in all of the 2020 build alternatives. No mitigation is required. 6.5.4 Bald Hills Road /Creek Street /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This is a four -leg intersection under signal control. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS C. It is projected to operate at an LOS D in the 2020 Alt 1 and Alt 2 build alternatives. For the 2020 Alt 3 build alternative, this intersection is projected to remain at an LOS C. No mitigation is required. 6.5.5 Walmart Boulevard /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This is currently a three -leg intersection under signal control. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection currently operates at an LOS B. For the 2020 build alternatives, a fourth leg (south approach) will be constructed. Without further improvements, the 2020 highest traffic potential scenario is projected to operate at an LOS F condition. Construction of additional eastbound and westbound through lanes through the project area and a southbound through lane is projected to improve the level of service of the 2020 highest traffic build alternative to an LOS C. The 2020 Alt 2 build alternative is also projected to operate at an LOS C with these improvements, while the 2020 Alt 3 build alternative is projected to operate at an LOS B. Table 6 summarizes the operational results for the signal - controlled intersections. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 32 Yelm East Gateway Traffic Impact Analysis Table 6. Signalized Intersections — LOS Summary PM Peak Hour Projected Projected Projected Concurrency Projected 2020 Alt 1 2020 Alt 2 2020 Alt 3 Standard Existing 2014 2020 Alt 1 with Imp with Imp With Imp LOS (Delay) LOS (Delay) LOS (Delay) LOS (Delay) LOS (Delay) Intersection Intersection Intersection Intersection Intersection Intersection Average Average Average Average Average Killion Rd at D A (9) B (12) B (12) B (11) B (10) Yelm Ave 1St St at F C(28) E(75) E(75) E(63) D (51) Yelm Ave Clark Rd at D A (9) B (15) B (15) B (13) B (11) Yelm Ave Bald Hills Rd at D C(25) D (54) D (54)4 D (40 )4 C(35 )4 Yelm Ave4 Walmart Blvd at D B (10) F(100) D (41) C(27) B (17) Yelm Ave 4) HCM 2000 methodology used to accommodate Non -NEMA phasing 6.6 Site Driveways Analysis for the site driveways was prepared based on a conceptual development plan for the overall project. The driveway volumes represent equal distribution of site development traffic based on the proposed access system. Individual developments that locate within the site may have actual trip generation characteristics higher or lower than the averages represented in this analysis. Turn lane locations were identified based on these assumptions to provide optimum accessibility to and within the site while creating the least friction on the public street system (Yelm Avenue (SR 507), Walmart Boulevard, Grove Road and the future Y -2c connection). The proposed roadway and intersection geometrics for the site driveways and public intersections adjacent to the site that were assumed for this analysis are shown on Figure 12. As individual developments are advanced within the context of the overall plan, the driveway turn lanes and storage lengths will be defined to the satisfaction of the City of Yelm and WSDOT. The following is a description of the operating conditions expected with the proposed driveway access locations and configurations. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 33 r r? W �f� Q E y t. n c 6 Legend Existing Roadway Existing Channelization Proposed Roadway Proposed Channelization SC:J ALLIANCE t.ONSULTING SERVICES �t Figure 12 Proposed 2020 Alt 1 Channelization Plan T i H �i i fI, M -'A Yelm Gateway EIS Yelm, WA Traffic Impact Analysis Yelm East Gateway 6.6.1 Grove Road /North Parcel A Driveway Traffic Impact Analysis This will be a tee intersection with stop control on the east approach. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. 6.6.2 Grove Road /South Parcel A Driveway This will be a four approach intersection with stop control on the east and west approaches. The west approach serves an existing mini storage facility. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. 6.6.3 Parcel D Driveway /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This will be a tee intersection with stop control on the south approach. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. In Alternatives 1 and 2, this intersection is projected to be a "right -in, right -out (RIRO) driveway. For Alternative 3 this intersection is projected to be full access since there would be no planned connectivity within the adjacent parcels. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in 2020 for Alternatives 1 and 2. For Alternative 3 it is projected to operate at an LOS B. 6.6.4 Parcel B Driveway /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This will be a tee intersection with stop control on the north approach. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. For Alternative 3 this intersection is projected to be full access since there would be no planned connectivity within the adjacent parcels. In Alternatives 1 and 2, this intersection would not be constructed, as access is provided along Yelm Avenue (SR 507) in other locations and there is connectivity through the parcels. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in 2020 Alternative 3. 6.6.5 Parcel C Driveway /Parcel F Driveway /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This will be a four approach intersection with stop control on the north and south approaches. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. In Alternatives 1 and 2, this intersection is projected to be a RIRO for the north and south approaches. For Alternative 3 this intersection is projected to be full access since there would be no planned connectivity within the adjacent parcels. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in 2020 for Alternatives 1 and 2. For Alternative 3 it is projected to operate at an LOS B. 6.6.6 Parcel F North Driveway /Walmart Boulevard This will be a four approach intersection with stop control on the east and west approaches. The west approach serves the existing Walmart. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. 6.6.7 Parcel F South Driveway /Walmart Boulevard This will be a four approach intersection with stop control on the east and west approaches. The west approach serves the existing Walmart. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 35 Yelm East Gateway 6.6.8 Parcel G North Driveway /Y -2c Extension Traffic Impact Analysis This will be a four approach intersection with stop control on the east and west approaches. This intersection will initially be an internal intersection serving the development. It will be constructed to fit within the planned Y -2c improvement. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. 6.6.9 Parcel G South Driveway /Y -2c Extension This will be a four approach intersection with stop control on the east and west approaches. This intersection will initially be an internal intersection serving the development. It will be constructed to fit within the planned Y -2c improvement. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. 6.6.10 Parcel G Driveway /Yelm Avenue (SR 507) This will be a tee intersection with stop control on the south approach. The concurrency standard for this location is LOS D. This intersection is planned as a right -out only in all three alternatives. This intersection is projected to operate at an LOS A in all of the 2020 build alternatives. Table 7 summarizes the operational results for the site driveway intersections. SO Alliance November 2014 Page 36 Yelm East Gateway Table 7. Site Driveways — LOS Summary PM Peak Hour Traffic Impact Analysis Intersection Concurrency Standard Projected 2020 Alt 1 with Imp LOS (Delay) Worst Movement Intersection Average Projected 2020 Alt 2 with Imp LOS (Delay) Worst Movement Intersection Average Projected 2020 Alt 3 With Imp LOS (Delay) Worst Movement Intersection Average Grove Rd at B (14) B (12) B (10) North Parcel A Driveway D A (4) A (3) A (2) Grove Rd at C(23) C(15) B (11) South Parcel A Driveway D A (5) A (3) A (2) Parcel D Driveway at C(20) C (16) F(189) Yelm Ave D A (1) A (1) B (13) Parcel B Driveway at D N/A N/A D (30) Yelm Ave A (1) Parcel C/F Driveways at C (17) B (14) F(143) Yelm Ave D A (2) A (1) B (12) Walmart Blvd at D (28) C(22) B (15) North Parcel C Driveway D A (5) A (4) A (2) Walmart Blvd at C (21) C (18) B (13) South Parcel C Driveway D A (3) A (3) A (3) Y -2c Extension at C (19) B (14) B (10) North Parcel G Driveway D A (5) A (4) A (3) Y -2c Extension at D B (12) B (10) A (9) South Parcel G Driveway A (7) A (6) A (6) Parcel G Driveway at B (13) B (12) B (11) Yelm Ave D A (1) A (1) A (1) SO Alliance November 2014 Page 37 Yelm East Gateway 7. LONG -RANGE TRAFFIC OPERATIONS Traffic Impact Analysis Although not required for concurrency testing as part of the environmental review for this project, this study has analyzed the intersections and roadways near the project site for conditions expected by the City's long term 2035 planning horizon. The analysis is based on the 2035 traffic flows predicted for the area with SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) and Y -2c completed. The analysis also assumes the highest traffic potential will be realized even though the moderate land -use build -out is the preferred alternative for the future development scenario. The analysis provides a framework for the street and highway frontage and access requirements of the Yelm East Gateway development within the context of the City of Yelm's general overall vision for the area. The intersection and lane configurations anticipated for this scenario are shown on Figure 13. The roadway and intersection configurations are the same in 2035 as for 2020 with the exception of roadway widening on Walmart Boulevard and Yelm Avenue (SR 507) east of Walmart Boulevard associated with the completion of the SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) and Y -2c connections. The following is a summary of the predicted operation of the study intersections for the 2035 horizon. Table 8. LOS Summary 2035 PM Peak Hour with Alternative 1 SCJ Alliance November 2014 Page 38 Projected 2035 Alternative 1 Intersection LOS (Delay) Geometric and Intersection Control Intersection Average Intersection Control Description Creek Street at Stop 103rd Avenue Control A (4) Same as 2020 Grove Road at Stop 103rd Avenue Control B (14) Same as 2020 Install traffic signal and widen Walmart Blvd at Traffic Walmart Boulevard to five lanes 103rd Avenue Signal B (20) south of 103rd Ave as part of Yelm Lop completion Bald Hills Rd at Traffic Yelm Ave Signal D (42) Same as 2020 Morris Rd at Stop A (7) Same as 2020 Bald Hills Rd Control Grove Road at Yelm Ave RAB B (11) Same as 2020 2nd SB to EB left -turn lane and Walmart Blvd at Traffic conversion of WB through -right lane D (46) Yelm Ave Signal to right -only as part of SR 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) completion Widening of Yelm Avenue (SR 507) Walmart Driveway Stop A (3) to accommodate completion of SR Access at SR 507 Control 510 Alternate (Yelm Loop) SCJ Alliance November 2014 Page 38